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American Economic Journal: Microeconomics (Forthcoming)
Abstract
We consider a decision-maker sequentially choosing among alternatives when periodic
payoffs depend on both chosen and unchosen alternatives in that period. We show that when
flow payoffs are the sum or product of payoffs from chosen and unchosen alternatives, the
optimal policy is an index policy. We characterize key properties of the optimal dynamics and
present an algorithm for computing the indices explicitly. Furthermore, we use the results to
generalize Weitzman’s (1979) classic Pandora’s-boxes problem to allow for complementarities.
We illustrate the framework’s usefulness through applications, including decision problems with
disappearing alternatives, repeated bargaining, dynamic supervision, and dynamic occupational
choice.